Influence of the centralizing gastric cancer surgery on the health-related quality of life in Brazil.

Background: The assessment of health-related quality of life (QoL) has improved the treatment of gastric cancer. Aiming to compare the influence of skilled surgeons in general hospitals versus specialized hospitals in cancer in Brazil, this study evaluated the relationship between quality of life and types of hospitals (general or cancer) in treating patients with gastric adenocarcinoma operated by surgeons with specific training in Surgical Oncology. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 104 patients. Inferential analyses were used to compare two Brazilian general hospitals and a cancer center, evaluating scores of the SF-36 and FACT-Ga QoL questionnaires (Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test); gender, smoking, and Helicobacter pylori tests status (Pearson's Chi-Square test); ethnicity, alcoholism, location of the tumor in the stomach, Lauren's histological types, and type of surgery (Fisher's exact test), number of lymph nodes resected by Surgical Oncologists [Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a Fixed Factor], and comparative survival analysis (Log-Rank test). Results: Patients treated at a cancer hospital had higher scores of the FACT-Ga (FACT-G total score, P=0.023; physical well-being, PWB, P=0.006; and functional well-being, FWB, P=0.011). The mean scores of the SF-36 questionnaire showed similar behavior but without reaching a significant difference. Patients operated by Surgical Oncologists at the cancer hospital had better scores in emotional well-being FACT-Ga domain (EWB, P=0.034 and P=0.047) compared to those operated by Surgical Oncologists in general hospitals. There was no significant difference in survival among the three hospitals (P=0.214). Conclusions: In this study, it was possible to suggest the relationship between QoL assessment scores with the centralization of care at specialized cancer hospital in the treatment of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma undergoing surgery with curative intent in Brazil.

Fadiga por compaixão e estratégias de enfrentamento diante da finitude / Compassion fatigue and coping strategies before death / Fatiga por compasión y estrategias de afrontamiento ante la finitud

Resumo A fadiga por compaixão é uma ameaça à saúde mental de profissionais de saúde diante da dificuldade em manejar a empatia. Assim, buscou-se verificar na literatura científica a correlação entre a fadiga por compaixão e a atuação de profissionais em unidades hospitalares que lidam constantemente com a morte, considerando estratégias adotadas para autocuidado. Realizou-se revisão integrativa da literatura, que identificou 11 artigos, nas bases de dados MEDLINE e PubMed, publicados entre 2011 e 2021. Constatou-se que a fadiga por compaixão ocorre com maior frequência em profissionais que lidam direta e recorrentemente com a morte, principalmente quando medidas distanásicas são adotadas. As principais estratégias de adaptação psicológica detectadas foram discussão de casos entre equipes, momentos de lazer e apoio de colegas, espiritualidade e meditação, além de uma liderança construtiva. Ressalta-se a necessidade de maior aprofundamento e novas pesquisas diante da escassez de estudos sobre o tema, principalmente no Brasil.

Abstract Compassion fatigue threatens healthcare professionals' mental health in face of difficulties in managing empathy. This integrative review sought to verify the correlation between compassion fatigue and health professionals' performance in hospital units that frequently deal with death, considering the self-care strategies adopted. Bibliographic search conducted on the MEDLINE and PubMed databases retrieved 11 articles published between 2011 and 2021. Results show that compassion fatigue occurs frequently in professionals who deal directly and recurrently with death, especially when dysthanasia measures are adopted. Case discussion between teams, leisure time and peer support, spirituality and meditation as well as constructive leadership were the main psychological adaptation strategies identified. Further and in-depth research is needed given the scarcity of study on the topic, especially in Brazil.

Resumen La fatiga por compasión es una amenaza para la salud mental de los profesionales de la salud ante la dificultad para gestionar la empatía. Se buscó en la literatura científica la correlación entre la fatiga por compasión y el trabajo de los profesionales en unidades hospitalarias que lidian constantemente con la muerte considerando las estrategias adoptadas para el autocuidado. La revisión integradora de la literatura realizada identificó 11 artículos en las bases de datos MEDLINE y PubMed, publicados entre 2011 y 2021. La fatiga por compasión se presenta más en los profesionales que lidian directa y recurrentemente con la muerte, especialmente durante la adopción de medidas de distanasia. Como principales estrategias de adaptación psicológica destacan la discusión de casos entre equipos, el tiempo libre y apoyo de los compañeros, la espiritualidad y meditación, y el liderazgo constructivo. Son necesarias más investigaciones a fondo dados los escasos estudios, especialmente en Brasil.

Evaluation of psychological symptoms in patients before and after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation: a single-center cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) brings several benefits for insulin-dependent type-1 diabetic patients associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, data on psychological outcomes for the waiting list and the transplanted patients are still lacking. METHODS: Using the psychological Beck inventories of anxiety (BAI) and depression (BDI), 39 patients on the waiting list were compared to 88 post-transplanted patients who had undergone SPKT. RESULTS: Significant differences were found regarding depression (p = 0.003) but not anxiety (p = 0.161), being the pretransplant patients more vulnerable to psychological disorders. Remarkable differences were observed relative to the feeling of punishment (p < 0.001) and suicidal thoughts (p = 0.008) between the groups. It was observed that patients who waited a longer period for the transplant showed more post-transplant anxiety symptoms due to the long treatment burden (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated the positive impact of SPKT on psychological aspects related to depression when comparing the groups. The high number of stressors in the pretransplant stage impacts more severely the psychosocial condition of the patient.

Evaluation of psychological symptoms in patients before and after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation: a single-center cross-sectional study

Purpose: Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) brings several benefits for insulin-dependent type-1 diabetic patients associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, data on psychological outcomes for the waiting list and the transplanted patients are still lacking. Methods: Using the psychological Beck inventories of anxiety (BAI) and depression (BDI), 39 patients on the waiting list were compared to 88 post-transplanted patients who had undergone SPKT. Results: Significant differences were found regarding depression (p = 0.003) but not anxiety (p = 0.161), being the pretransplant patients more vulnerable to psychological disorders. Remarkable differences were observed relative to the feeling of punishment (p < 0.001) and suicidal thoughts (p = 0.008) between the groups. It was observed that patients who waited a longer period for the transplant showed more post-transplant anxiety symptoms due to the long treatment burden (p = 0.002). Conclusions: These results demonstrated the positive impact of SPKT on psychological aspects related to depression when comparing the groups. The high number of stressors in the pretransplant stage impacts more severely the psychosocial condition of the patient.

Health-related quality of life after gastric cancer treatment in Brazil: Narrative review and reflections.

In Brazil, gastric cancer is the third most common type of cancer among men and fifth among women, with an estimated 13360 new cases among men and 7870 among women each year during the 2020-2022 period. This study presents reflections and attempts to add knowledge to the theme of quality of life (QoL) in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and describes some of its characteristics in three regions of Brazil, with an evaluation of the disease's impacts in various dimensions of life, as reported by the patients themselves. We performed a narrative review of the literature and a data analysis of studies on QoL in Brazilian patients treated for gastric adenocarcinoma from three different cities in three geographic regions: Brasília (the midwest), Jaú (the southeast), and Macapá (the north).

Síndrome de burnout em profissionais da saúde: revisão integrativa / Burnout syndrome in healthcare professionals: an integrative review / Síndrome de burnout en profesionales sanitarios: revisión integradora

Resumo A incidência de síndrome de burnout ou síndrome do esgotamento profissional é significativa entre trabalhadores da saúde, com impacto negativo no âmbito pessoal, institucional, governamental e no cuidado com os pacientes. Com o objetivo de investigar o campo de pesquisas brasileiras sobre o tema, foi realizada revisão integrativa da literatura selecionando 35 artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2019. Identificou-se alto índice de síndrome de burnout em profissionais da saúde, assim como alto risco de desenvolver essa síndrome e incidência de outros transtornos mentais. A maior parte das pesquisas envolve profissionais de medicina e enfermagem, apresenta a maioria dos profissionais de saúde como do sexo feminino e é desenvolvida em hospitais e unidades básicas de saúde. Ressalta-se a necessidade de desenvolver mais pesquisas na área, principalmente envolvendo outras categorias profissionais e abrangendo outros ambientes de trabalho, analisando ainda o impacto da predominância de profissionais mulheres na saúde.

Abstract The incidence of burnout syndrome or professional exhaustion is significant among healthcare professionals, with negative impact on the personal, institutional, governmental, and patient care spheres. Aiming to investigate Brazilian research on the topic, we conducted an integrative literature review and selected 35 articles published from 2014 to 2019. We identified a high rate of burnout syndrome in healthcare professionals, a high risk of developing this condition and other mental disorders. Most studies were conducted in hospitals and public health centers, involved health professionals and had a greater number of female professionals. We emphasize the need to conduct further studies in the field, especially regarding other professional categories and other work environments, also analyzing the impact of the predominance of female healthcare professionals.

Resumen La incidencia del síndrome de burnout, o síndrome de desgaste profesional, es significativa entre los trabajadores de la salud, con un impacto negativo en el ámbito personal, institucional, gubernamental y en la atención al paciente. Para investigar los estudios brasileños sobre el tema, se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura, con 35 artículos publicados entre 2014 y 2019. Se pudo identificar una alta tasa de síndrome de burnout en los profesionales de la salud, así como un alto riesgo de desarrollar este síndrome y la presencia de otros trastornos mentales. La mayor parte de las investigaciones involucran a profesionales médicos y de enfermería, presentan la mayoría de los profesionales de la salud como mujeres y se llevan a cabo en hospitales y unidades básicas de salud. Se destaca la necesidad de más investigaciones en el área, con otras categorías profesionales y otros entornos laborales, analizando también el impacto del predominio de las mujeres entre los profesionales en salud.

The quality of life in type I diabetic patients with end-stage kidney disease before and after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation: a single-center prospective study.

Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) aimed at increasing the life expectancy for diabetic patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, the risks of surgery complications and immunosuppression therapy make it unclear if the SPKT positively impacts patient's quality of life (QoL). Using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short-Form Health Survey (KDQOL-SF36) and Problems Areas in Diabetes (PAID) measurement tools, we compared the QoL of 57 patients on the pretransplant waiting list with that of 103 patients who had undergone SPKT. Posttransplantation patients were assessed within different time intervals (<1, 1-3, and >3 years). Mean KDQOL-SF36 scores were better among posttransplantation patients in the SF36 and KDQOL domains. It was also observed patients' stress reduction in PAID mean score (P = 0.011) after SPKT. We concluded that patients receiving SPKT had a better perception of QoL than did patients on the waiting list, and this positive perception remained almost entirely comparable over the three different intervals of the posttransplantation time. These positive results showed better outcomes when excluding patients that lost pancreas graft function. Further research is needed to compare diabetic patients with kidney transplant alone using specific measurement tools to evaluate patient's QoL.

Quality of life as a fundamental outcome after curative intent gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma: lessons learned from patients.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer has an important epidemiologic impact, and the main curative therapeutic modality for gastric cancer is surgical resection. However, even curative intent therapy can have negative effects on the quality of life (QoL) of these patients, which is undesirable; thus, it is difficult to balance the standardized treatment reported in the literature and treatment response to achieve full patient satisfaction. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the QoL and identify the association of scores on the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Gastric (FACT-Ga) and Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF36v2) questionnaires with sociodemographic, clinical and anatomopathological aspects of gastric adenocarcinoma patients undergoing curative surgery. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 104 patients from three regions of Brazil. Inferential analyses were used to compare (multiple regression and Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis tests) the relationships between these scores and variables (Spearman's coefficient). RESULTS: In the multiple regression analysis, we found correlations between Helicobacter pylori status and physical well-being (PWB) (P=0.026), between gender and emotional well-being (EWB) (P=0.008), between Lauren's histology and physical functioning (P=0.009), as well as the Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2) role-physical (P=0.027), between the tumor site and EWB (P=0.038), between the SF-36v2 mental health and N (the lower the staging, the better the score, P=0.006) and between the SF-36v2 mental health and lymph nodes removed (P=0.029). According to the Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis test, women had worse FACT-Ga total (P=0.049), PWB (P=0.005), EWB (P=0.007), gastric cancer subscale (GaCS, P=0.011), trial outcome index (TOI, P=0.030) and mental health scores than men (P=0.011). Patients with distal tumors had better scores (FACT-Ga, P=0.018; GaCS, P=0.014; TOI, P=0.020) than patients with proximal tumors. Patients with tumors located in the cardia had better physical functioning than those with proximal tumors (P=0.042). Patients who underwent partial gastrectomy had better FACT-Ga total scores (P=0.011), PWB (P=0.033), GaCS scores (P=0.006) and TOI scores (P=0.008) than those who underwent total gastrectomy. Patients who did not receive adjuvant therapy had worse bodily pain as reported on the SF-36v2 than those who received therapy (P=0.048). According to Spearman's coefficient, a higher lymph node stage corresponded to worse FACT-Ga total (s=-0.200, P=0.034), GaCS (s=-0.206, P=0.037), TOI (s=-0.216; P=0.028) and vitality (s=-0.215, P=0.029) scores. A longer time after treatment corresponded to a better SF-36v2 role-physical domain score (s=0.223; P=0.023). CONCLUSIONS: The type of treatment instituted, postoperative time and sociodemographic and anatomopathological factors influence the QoL.

Teaching how to deliver bad news: a systematic review / La enseñanza de cómo dar malas noticias: una revisión sistemática / Ensino de comunicação de más notícias: revisão sistemática

Abstract "Bad news", defined as information with huge emotional valence and potential to change personal perspectives, is, by definition, a challenge for physicians. However, the subject is not always taught in medical schools. This systematic literature review compiles all articles regarding communication of bad news after researching in databases for "medical school" and "bad news" in English, Portuguese and Spanish. The criterion was to include articles that elucidated about teaching techniques. From all 313 papers, we included 27 and classified their strategies. Most results showed that mixed strategies are more common and that, in general, the subject is well-received and appreciated by students, who reported an improvement in communicative capability after the training. We conclude that all techniques are valid and medical schools should focus on integrating this training in their regular curriculum.

Resumen "Mala noticia", definida como una información que conlleva un gran peso emocional y tiene el potencial de cambiar las perspectivas personales; constituye un desafío para los médicos. Sin embargo, este tema no siempre es enseñado en las facultades de medicina. Esta revisión sistemática de la literatura compila todos los artículos encontrados sobre la comunicación de malas noticias luego de buscar "medical school" y "bad news", en inglés, portugués y español, en bases de datos. El criterio empleado fue incluir artículos que tratasen sobre técnicas de enseñanza. De los 313 artículos, incluimos 27 y clasificamos sus estrategias. La mayoría de los resultados mostró que las estrategias mixtas son las más comunes y que, en general, el tema es bien recibido y valorado por los estudiantes, quienes informan que obtienen una mejora en la capacidad comunicativa luego de la formación. Concluimos que todas estas técnicas son válidas y que las facultades de medicina deben enfocarse en integrar esta capacitación en su currículo regular.

Resumo "Má notícia", definida como informação que carrega grande peso emocional e potencial de mudar perspectivas pessoais, é, por definição, desafio para os médicos. Entretanto, nem sempre esse assunto é abordado em faculdades de medicina. Esta revisão sistemática contém todos os artigos encontrados sobre comunicação de más notícias em bases de dados por "medical school" e "bad news" em inglês, português e espanhol. O critério de inclusão abrangia artigos que elucidavam técnicas de ensino. De todos os 313 artigos, 27 foram incluídos, tendo suas estratégias classificadas. A maioria dos resultados mostrou que as estratégias mistas são mais comuns e que, em geral, o tema é bem aceito e valorizado pelos estudantes, que afirmam melhora na capacidade comunicativa depois do treinamento. Conclui-se que todas as técnicas são válidas e que as faculdades de medicina devem focar em integrar esse treinamento no currículo regular.

Quality of life, religiosity, and anxiety and depressive symptoms in liver transplantation candidates.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quality of life, religiosity and anxiety and depressive symptoms in liver transplant candidates. METHOD: An epidemiological and cross-sectional study carried out with liver transplant candidates attended at the outpatient clinic of a University Hospital from 2014 to 2016. RESULTS: Fifty (50) patients with a mean age of 52.5 years old participated in the study, predominantly male (58.0%), having access to primary education (48.0%), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease between 10-19 and having viral hepatitis as the main etiology. They presented an average quality of life score (4.1), high intrinsic religiosity index (5.6) and the presence of anxiety (52.0%) and depressive symptoms (48.0%). It was possible to observe an association between religiosity and quality of life in the worry domain, with higher non-organizational religiosity leading to higher quality of life; anxiety and depressive symptoms were not associated with quality of life and religiosity. However, patients with higher levels of education were more likely to present depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: The analysis of quality of life and religiosity was significant, reinforcing the need for the care team to consider religiosity as a coping strategy for the disease.

Quality of life, religiosity, and anxiety and depressive symptoms in liver transplantation candidates / Calidad de vida, religiosidad y síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en candidatos a trasplante hepático / Qualidade de vida, religiosidade e sintomas ansiosos e depressivos em candidatos a transplante hepático

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate quality of life, religiosity and anxiety and depressive symptoms in liver transplant candidates. Method: An epidemiological and cross-sectional study carried out with liver transplant candidates attended at the outpatient clinic of a University Hospital from 2014 to 2016. Results: Fifty (50) patients with a mean age of 52.5 years old participated in the study, predominantly male (58.0%), having access to primary education (48.0%), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease between 10-19 and having viral hepatitis as the main etiology. They presented an average quality of life score (4.1), high intrinsic religiosity index (5.6) and the presence of anxiety (52.0%) and depressive symptoms (48.0%). It was possible to observe an association between religiosity and quality of life in the worry domain, with higher non-organizational religiosity leading to higher quality of life; anxiety and depressive symptoms were not associated with quality of life and religiosity. However, patients with higher levels of education were more likely to present depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The analysis of quality of life and religiosity was significant, reinforcing the need for the care team to consider religiosity as a coping strategy for the disease.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida, la religiosidad y los síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en candidatos a trasplante de hígado. Método: Estudio epidemiológico y transversal, realizado con candidatos a trasplante de hígado acompañados en el ambulatorio de un Hospital Universitario, en el período de 2014 a 2016. Resultados: Participaron en el estudio 50 pacientes, quienes presentaron promedio de edad de 52,5 años, predominantemente del sexo masculino (58,0%), con acceso a la educación básica (48,0%) Model for End Stage Liver Disease entre 10-19 y hepatitis viral como etiología principal. Presentaron calidad de vida mediana (score 4,1), alto índice de religiosidad intrínseca (5,6) y presencia de síntomas ansiosos (52,0%) y depresivos (48,0%). Se pudo notar la asociación entre religiosidad y calidad de vida en el dominio preocupación - cuanto mayor la religiosidad no organizativa, tanto mayor la calidad de vida; síntomas ansiosos y depresivos no asociados con la calidad de vida y religiosidad. Sin embargo, pacientes con altos niveles de escolaridad tuvieron mayor probabilidad de presentar síntomas depresivos. Conclusión: El análisis de la calidad de vida y religiosidad fue significativo, subrayando la necesidad de que el equipo asistencial la considere como estrategia de enfrentamiento de la enfermedad.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida, a religiosidade e os sintomas ansiosos e depressivos em candidatos a transplante de fígado. Método: Estudo epidemiológico e transversal, realizado com candidatos a transplante de fígado acompanhados no ambulatório de um Hospital Universitário, no período de 2014 a 2016. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 50 pacientes, que apresentaram média de idade de 52,5 anos, predominantemente do sexo masculino (58,0%), com acesso ao ensino fundamental (48,0%), Model for End Stage Liver Disease entre 10-19 e hepatite viral como etiologia principal. Apresentaram qualidade de vida mediana (escore 4,1), alto índice de religiosidade intrínseca (5,6) e presença de sintomas ansiosos (52,0%) e depressivos (48,0%). Pôde-se observar associação entre religiosidade e qualidade de vida no domínio preocupação - quanto maior a religiosidade não organizacional, maior a qualidade de vida; sintomas ansiosos e depressivos não associados à qualidade de vida e religiosidade. Porém, pacientes com altos níveis de escolaridade tiveram maior probabilidade de apresentar sintomas depressivos. Conclusão: A análise de qualidade de vida e religiosidade foi significativa, reforçando a necessidade de a equipe assistencial considerá-la como estratégia de enfrentamento da doença.

Adesão ao tratamento no transplante de fígado: revisão integrativa / Adhesión al tratamiento en el trasplante de hígado: revisión integrativa / Adherence to liver transplantation treatment: an integrative review

RESUMO Objetivo avaliar as intervenções da equipe multiprofissional que proporcionam a melhora da adesão ao tratamento após o transplante de fígado. Método revisão integrativa da literatura. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2017, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, realizados na população adulta submetida ao transplante hepático. Resultado a busca inicial resultou em 84 publicações sendo selecionados 10 estudos. Os dados foram tabulados de acordo com a relevância do conteúdo, objetivos, tipo de intervenção, número de pacientes e nível de evidência. Foram encontradas quatro categorias analíticas: intervenções educativas; adoção de um plano terapêutico individual; alteração do regime imunossupressor; suporte emocional, psicológico e fortalecimento da rede de apoio. Conclusão a equipe multiprofissional deve prover informações sobre o processo de transplantação, realizar o manejo adequado da imunossupressão, avaliar regularmente o paciente quanto aos sinais de depressão, ansiedade, crenças e valores, e instituir um plano de cuidados individualizado.

RESUMEN Objetivo evaluar las intervenciones del equipo multiprofesional que promueven la mejoría de la adhesión al tratamiento tras el trasplante de hígado. Método revisión integrativa de la literatura. Se publicaron los criterios de inclusión entre 2012 y 2017, en los idiomas portugués, inglés y español, y estos se aplicaron en población adulta sometida al trasplante hepático. Resultado la búsqueda inicial resultó en 84 publicaciones, seleccionándose 10 estudios. Se tabularon los datos de acuerdo con la relevancia del contenido, objetivos, tipo de intervención, número de pacientes y nivel de evidencia. De eso, resultaron cuatro categorías analíticas: intervenciones educativas; adopción de un plan terapéutico individual; alteración del régimen inmunosupresor; soporte emocional, psicológico y fortalecimiento de la red de apoyo. Conclusión es necesario que el equipo multiprofesional provea informaciones acerca del proceso de trasplantación, realice el manejo adecuado de la inmunosupresión, evalúe regularmente el paciente cuanto a las señales de depresión, ansiedad, creencias y valores, e instituya un plan de cuidados individualizado.

ABSTRACT Objective to evaluate the interventions of the multidisciplinary team that provide improvements in adherence to treatment after liver transplantation. Method integrative review of the literature. The inclusion criteria were articles published between 2012 and 2017, in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages, performed with the adult population that had undergone liver transplantation. Results the initial search resulted in 84 publications, with 10 studies being selected. The data were tabulated according to the relevance of the content, objectives, type of intervention, number of patients and level of evidence. Four analytical categories were found: educational interventions; adoption of an individual therapeutic plan; change in the immunosuppressive regimen; emotional and psychological support and strengthening of the support network. Conclusion the multidisciplinary team should provide information about the transplantation process, perform appropriate management of immunosuppression, regularly assess the patients for signs of depression and anxiety, investigate their beliefs and values, and institute an individualized care plan.

Avaliação do conhecimento dos candidatos a transplante de fígado / Evaluación del conocimiento de los candidatos a transplante de hígado / Knowledge assessment of candidates in liver transplant

Objetivo: verificar a consistência interna de um questionário de avaliação de conhecimento sobre o processo de transplante de fígado e avaliar o conhecimento dos candidatos em fila de espera para transplante de fígado, bem como sua percepção sobre próprio conhecimento. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo/exploratório, com pacientes em lista de espera para transplante de fígado. Resultados: 62 pacientes constituíram a amostra, tempo médio de fila de 5,7 anos. A média de acertos no questionário foi de 7,4 com desvio padrão de 2,5. As questões relativas à fase pós-transplante tiveram os piores índices de acerto: 43% apontaram ter recebido informações sobre doença e 77,4% não as consideraram suficientes. Com relação à compreensão da doença e transplante, 37,1% e 45,2% apontaram, respectivamente, compreensão insuficiente. A consistência interna do questionário verificada por meio do alpha de Cronbach foi 0,813. Conclusão: o questionário desenvolvido apresentou consistência interna suficiente para avaliar o conhecimento dos candidatos a transplante de fígado e apontou déficit de informação em relação ao período pós-operatório do transplante.

Aim: to verify the internal consistency of an evaluative knowledge questionnaire on the liver transplant process and evaluate the knowledge of the candidates on the waiting list for liver transplantation, as well as their perception of their own knowledge. Method: quantitative, descriptive / exploratory study, with patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation as participants. Results: Sixty-two patients constituted the sample, average queue time of 5.7 years. The mean score on the questionnaire was 7.4 with a standard deviation of 2.5. Questions related to the post-transplant stage showed the worst hit rates. Forty-three percent of the patients indicated that they received information about the disease and 77.4% did not consider those information sufficient. Regarding the understanding of the disease and transplantation, 37.1% and 45.2% showed insufficient understanding, respectively. The internal consistency of the questionnaire, verified by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.813. Conclusion: the questionnaire presented internal consistency to assess the candidate's' knowledge of a liver transplant and showed information deficit regarding the postoperative period of transplantation.

Objetivo: evaluar la consistencia interna del cuestionario de evaluación del conocimiento sobre el proceso de trasplante de hígado y evaluar los conocimientos de los candidatos en lista de espera para trasplante de hígado, así como la percepción de su proprio conocimiento; Método: cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratório. Resultados: 62 pacientes constituyeron la muestra, el tiempo medio en la lista es de 5,7 años. La puntuación media del cuestionario fue de 7,4 con desvio estándar de 2,5. Cuestiones relativas a la fase posterior al trasplante presentaron los peores índices de aciertos. 43% indicaron haber recibido información sobre la enfermedad y 77,4% no la considera suficiente. Con relación a la comprensión de la enfermedad y del trasplante, 37,1% y 45,2%, respectivamente, mostraron comprensión insuficiente. La consistencia interna del cuestionario, verificada por el alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,813. Conclusión: El cuestionario presentó suficiente consistencia interna para evaluar el conocimiento de los candidatos al trasplante de hígado y evidenció déficit de información con relación al postoperatorio del trasplante.

[Systematic review of evidence on the association between personality and tinnitus]. / Revisão sistemática sobre as evidências da associação entre personalidade e zumbido.

INTRODUCTION: The scientific literature demonstrates that personality traits are associated with the individual's adaptation to chronic diseases, and can be an important factor in the etiology and prognosis of physical illness. Some studies indicate that personality characteristics may influence the perception of tinnitus. OBJECTIVE: To assess the scientific evidence of the association between tinnitus and personality. METHODS: A systematic review of the following databases: PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Web of Knowledge. Only studies of patients older than 18 years published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish that established an association between tinnitus and personality were selected. RESULTS: Seventeen of the 77 articles found were selected: 13 cross-sectional studies, two longitudinal studies, one validation study, and one birth cohort study. The samples ranged from 27 to 970 patients. CONCLUSION: Some personality traits, especially neuroticism, psychasthenia, and schizoid aspects, may be associated with tinnitus perception and with the annoyance due to this symptom.

Systematic review of evidence on the association between personality and tinnitus / Revisão sistemática sobre as evidências da associação entre personalidade e zumbido

INTRODUCTION: The scientific literature that personality traits are associated with the individual's adaptation to chronic diseases, becoming an important factor in the etiology and prognosis of physical illness. Some studies indicate that personality characteristics may influence the perception of tinnitus. OBJECTIVE: To assess the scientific evidence of the association between tinnitus and personality. METHODS: A systematic review in the following databases: PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and Web of knowledge. Were selected only studies with patients older than 18 years, published in English, Portuguese or Spanish who established an association between tinnitus and personality. RESULTS: Seventeen of the 77 articles found were selected: 13 cross-sectional studies, two longitudinal studies, one validation study, and one birth cohort study. The samples ranged from 27 to 970 patients. CONCLUSION: Some personality traits, especially neuroticism, psychasthenia, and schizoid aspects, may be associated with tinnitus perception and with the annoyance due to this symptom. .

INTRODUÇÃO: Sabe-se, na literatura científica, que características de personalidade estão associadas à adaptação do indivíduo a doenças crônicas, tornando-se um fator importante na etiologia e prognóstico de doenças físicas. Alguns estudos apontam que características de personalidade podem influenciar na percepção do zumbido. OBJETIVO: Verificar as evidências científicas da associação entre zumbido e personalidade. MÉTODO: Estudo de revisão sistemática nas seguintes bases de dados: Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs e Web of knowledge. Foram selecionados apenas os estudos com pacientes maiores de 18 anos, publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol, que estabeleceram uma associação entre zumbido e personalidade. RESULTADOS: Dos 77 artigos encontrados, 17 foram selecionados: 13 estudos transversais, dois longitudinais, um estudo de validação e um estudo coorte de nascimento. As amostras variaram de 27 a 970 pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Algumas características de personalidade, especialmente neuroticismo, psicastenia e aspectos esquizoides, podem estar associados à percepção e ao incômodo do zumbido. .

Systematic review on the evidences of an association between tinnitus and depression.

UNLABELLED: Tinnitus has been associated with several psychiatric disorders, however there are still several questions regarding such association. OBJECTIVE: To assess the scientific evidence on the associations between symptoms of depression, depression, and tinnitus. METHOD: A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Lilacs, and SciELO scientific databases. This review included studies published in Portuguese, Spanish, or English correlating tinnitus with depression; letters to the editor and case reports were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 64 studies were identified, of which only 20 met the inclusion criteria and only 2 were case-control clinical trials. The majority of the studies (n = 18) found that depression is associated with tinnitus, either as a predisposition - resulting in poor adaptation to tinnitus or as a consequence of severe disease. CONCLUSION: An overall assessment of all of the selected studies suggests at least 3 possible associations between depression and tinnitus: depression affecting tinnitus, tinnitus predisposing individuals to depression, and tinnitus appearing as a comorbidity in patients with depression. There is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in individuals with tinnitus, but the mechanisms by which depression and tinnitus mutually interact, are not fully understood.

Revisão sistemática sobre as evidências de associação entre zumbido e depressão / Systematic review on the evidences of an association between tinnitus and depression

O zumbido tem sido associado a diversos transtornos psiquiátricos, entretanto ainda existem vários questionamentos sobre esta interrelação. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evidência científica das associações entre os sintomas depressivos, depressão e zumbido. MÉTODO: Realizada uma revisão sistemática nas bases: PubMed, Scielo e Lilacs. Foram incluídos estudos com adultos, publicados em português, espanhol ou inglês que correlacionaram o zumbido à depressão. Foram excluídos cartas ao editor e estudos de caso. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 64 artigos, dos quais 20 preencheram os critérios de inclusão, apenas dois eram ensaios clínicos. A maioria dos estudos (n = 18) comprovou que a depressão está relacionada ao zumbido, seja predispondo a uma má adaptação ao zumbido ou como consequência da gravidade do zumbido. CONCLUSÃO: Os estudos sugerem pelo menos três possíveis associações entre depressão e zumbido: depressão como um fator que afeta o zumbido, o zumbido como um fator que pode predispor à depressão, e zumbido como uma comorbidade em pacientes com depressão. Neste último caso, a depressão aumenta a intensidade, desconforto e intolerância ao zumbido, potencializando a depressão. Existe alta prevalência de sintomas depressivos em indivíduos com zumbido, porém, os mecanismos pelos quais a depressão e o zumbido mutuamente interagem não foram totalmente compreendidos.

Tinnitus has been associated with several psychiatric disorders, however there are still several questions regarding such association. OBJECTIVE: To assess the scientific evidence on the associations between symptoms of depression, depression, and tinnitus. METHOD: A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Lilacs, and SciELO scientific databases. This review included studies published in Portuguese, Spanish, or English correlating tinnitus with depression; letters to the editor and case reports were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 64 studies were identified, of which only 20 met the inclusion criteria and only 2 were case-control clinical trials. The majority of the studies (n = 18) found that depression is associated with tinnitus, either as a predisposition - resulting in poor adaptation to tinnitus or as a consequence of severe disease. CONCLUSION: An overall assessment of all of the selected studies suggests at least 3 possible associations between depression and tinnitus: depression affecting tinnitus, tinnitus predisposing individuals to depression, and tinnitus appearing as a comorbidity in patients with depression. There is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in individuals with tinnitus, but the mechanisms by which depression and tinnitus mutually interact, are not fully understood.

Validation of the Brazilian version of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to validate the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) for use in Brazilian population. METHOD: A total of 200 patients with chronic liver disease and varying disease severity answered a socio-demographic questionnaire, t CLDQ, and the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 (SF-36). Patients returned in 1-15 days to answer CLDQ again. The Cronbach's alpha of the total CLDQ score was 0.95 and fluctuated between 0.69 and 0.83 in its six domains. RESULTS: The intra-class correlation between total CLDQ scores in two evaluations was 0.97 and in all domains was >0.93. CLDQ was moderately correlated with the SF-36, 0.63 (total CLDQ vs. vitality, SF-36), 0.62 (CLDQ and mental health, SF-36), 0.62 (preoccupation, CLDQ, vs. General Health, SF-36), 0.59 (fatigue, CLDQ, vs. vitality, SF-36), 0.59 (activity, CLDQ, vs. vitality, SF-36), and 0.59 (fatigue, CLDQ, vs. mental health, SF-36). The highest scores were found in non-cirrhotic group. Child A patients had higher average scores than Child B and C groups in all domains, while patients with MELD <15 scored higher than patients with MELD ≥15. CONCLUSION: CLDQ-BR was validated in Brazilian population and was appropriate for use in patients with liver disease of different etiologies and degrees of severity.

Quality of life and adherence to HAART in HIV-infected patients.

A review on adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy and the quality of life of patients living with HIV in the scientific literature, indexed in MEDLINE between 1998 and 2008, was performed. Studies published in Portuguese, Spanish or English with patients over 18 years of age were included. Reviews, case reports and letters were excluded. Of the 21 studies found, 12 were included (three clinical trials, three prospective cohorts and six cross-sectional studies). The relationship between quality of life and treatment adherence remains controversial, despite descriptive studies indicating the possibility of a positive association. The results may have been influenced by the specific characteristics of the described clinical trials and do not show a consensus regarding the impact of treatment adherence on patients' quality of life.

Qualidade de vida e adesão ao tratamento anti-retroviral de pacientes portadores de HIV: [revisão] / Calidad de vida y adhesión al tratamiento antiretroviral de pacientes portadores de VIH: [revisión] / Quality of life and adherence to HAART in HIV-infected patients: [review]

Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura científica sobre adesão terapêutica à highly active antiretroviral therapy e sobre a qualidade de vida dos pacientes portadores do HIV, indexada no MEDLINE no período entre 1998 e 2008. Foram incluídos estudos em pacientes maiores de 18 anos, publicados em português, espanhol ou inglês. Foram excluídos estudos de revisão, relatos de caso e cartas. Dos 21 estudos encontrados, 12 foram incluídos (três ensaios clínicos, três coortes prospectivos, seis transversais). A relação entre qualidade de vida e adesão terapêutica permanece controversa, embora estudos descritivos apontem a possibilidade de uma relação positiva. Os resultados podem ter sido influenciados por características específicas dos ensaios clínicos descritos e mostram não haver consenso sobre o impacto da adesão terapêutica sobre a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

A review on adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy and the quality of life of patients living with HIV in the scientific literature, indexed in MEDLINE between 1998 and 2008, was performed. Studies published in Portuguese, Spanish or English with patients over 18 years of age were included. Reviews, case reports and letters were excluded. Of the 21 studies found, 12 were included (three clinical trials, three prospective cohorts and six cross-sectional studies). The relationship between quality of life and treatment adherence remains controversial, despite descriptive studies indicating the possibility of a positive association. The results may have been influenced by the specific characteristics of the described clinical trials and do not show a consensus regarding the impact of treatment adherence on patients' quality of life.

Se realizó una revisión de la literatura científica sobre adhesión terapéutica a la terapia antirretroviral altamente activa y sobre la calidad de vida de los pacientes portadores de VIH, indexados en el MEDLINE en el período entre 1998 y 2008. Se incluyeron estudios en pacientes mayores de 18 años, publicados en portugués, español o inglés. Se excluyeron estudios de revisión, relatos de caso y cartas. De los 21 estudios encontrados, 12 fueron incluidos (tres ensayos clínicos, tres cohortes prospectivas, seis transversales). La relación entre calidad de vida y adhesión terapéutica permanece controversial a pesar de que estudios descriptivos señalen la posibilidad de una relación positiva. Los resultados pueden haber sido influenciados por características específicas de los ensayos clínicos descritos y muestran no haber consenso con relación al impacto de la adhesión terapéutica sobre la calidad de vida de los pacientes.